Regular Past Participles

To form the past participle of regular verbs, add the following ending to the stem of the infinitive. (Danesi 24)

  • -ado if an -ar verb
  • -ido if an -er or -ir verb.

Examples:

cocinar: Yo he cocinado. / I have cooked.
comer: Yo he comido. / I have eaten.
venir: Yo he venido. / I have come.

Irregular Past Participles

The irregular past participles are listed below. (Danesi 24) (Kendris xiii)

abrir / abierto

to open / opened
haber abierto / to have opened

caer / caído

creer / creído

cubrir / cubierto

to cover / covered
haber cubierto / to have covered

decir / dicho

to say / said
haber dicho / to have said

descubrir / descubierto

deshacer / deshecho

devolver / devuelto

escribir / escrito

to write / written
haber escrito / to have written

hacer / hecho

to do (make) / done (made)
haber hecho / to have done (made)

morir / muerto

to die / died
haber muerto / to have died

poner / puesto

to put / put
haber puesto / to have put

romper / roto

to break / broken
haber roto / to have broken

ver / visto

to see / seen
haber visto / to have seen

volver / vuelto

to return
haber vuelto / to have returned

Works Cited

Danesi, Marcel and Stephen McGroarty. Living Language Spanish 2. A Conversational Approach to Verbs Third Edition. New York: Crown Publishers Inc. 1996. Print.

Kendris, Christopher. 501 Spanish Verbs fully conjugated in all the tenses in a new easy to learn format / alphabetically arranged. Third Edition. New York: Barron's Educational Series Inc. 1990. Print.